Education

Books

Manuscripts

Books

Adams, David Wallace. Education for Extinction: American Indians and the Boarding School Experience 1875-1928. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1995.

A study of how policymakers sought to use the schoolhouse as an instrument for acculturating Indian youth to 'American' ways of thinking and living.

Bantin, Philip C. Guide to Catholic Indian Mission and School Records in Midwest Depositories. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University, 1984.

The guide includes Michigan missions and schools.

Burkey, Louis H. History of the Ottawas. Harbor Springs, MI: Michigan Indian Foundation, 1950.

Contains a history of the Holy Childhood School at Harbor Springs by Sister M. Cleomena.

Child, Brenda J. A Bitter Lesson: Native Americans and the Government Boarding School Experience, 1890-1940. Dissertation. University of Iowa, 1993.

Boarding school records and letters ultimately demonstrate the strengths of native family and tribal ties under duress. The strategy of policymakers and reformers in the United States to separate Indian children from the influences of home failed to elicit the kind of change they had imagined.

Connors, Paul G. Indian Tuition Waiver Program. Lansing, MI: Michigan Legislative Service Bureau, 2000.

Background of the program in Michigan as well as features of the program.

Erkins, Joseph D. Centennial of the Holy Childhood of Jesus Church and School, Harbor Springs, Michigan, 1829-1929. Harbor Springs, MI: 1929.

A history of the church and school.

Hagenbuch, Mark Odis. Richard Henry Pratt, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, and United States Policies Related to American Indian Education 1879 to 1904. Dissertation. Pennsylvania State University, 1998.

Examines the influence of Richard Henry Pratt's assimilationist philosophies as they were practiced at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School toward federal government policies related to American Indian education.

Hamley, Jeffrey Louis. Cultural Genocide in the Classroom: A History of the Federal Boarding School Movement in American Indian Education. Dissertation. Harvard University, 1994.

Examines the history of federal boarding school education for American Indians from 1875 to 1920.

Information for the Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatomy Tribes Concerning the Education of Their Children. Ann Arbor, MI: Fort Meigs Treaty Committee, 1971.

University of Michigan tuition case includes the formal complaint filed in Washtenaw County Circuit Court.

A publication in honor of the 50th anniversary of Holy Childhood Indian School at Harbor Springs.

Kibble, John F. et al. "Examining Persistence in Native American College Students: Exit Interview Contributions." In Entering the 90's: The North American Experience: Proceedings of the Native American Studies Conference at Lake Superior State University, October 27-28, 1989 edited by Thomas E. Schirer. Sault Ste. Marie, MI: Lake Superior State University Press, 1991. 227-235.                                                            

This study examines the perspectives of 9 recent Lake Superior State University Native American completers concerning their undergraduate education.

Littlefield, Alice and Martha Knack. Native Americans and Wage Labor. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996.

Littlefield has written a chapter in this book on the Mt. Pleasant United States Industrial Indian school.

McDade, Jeffrey Robert. Social Control and the Native American: The Nineteenth Century Manual Labor Boarding School. Dissertation. Kansas State University, 1997.

McDade's research seeks to explain the establishment and diffusion of the manual labor boarding school in the early 19th century.

McLeod, Martha. "The Administration of Effective Educational Programs for Native American Students." In Contemporary Native American Cultural Issues: Proceedings from the Native American Studies Conference at Lake Superior State University, October 16-17, 1987. edited by Thomas E. Shirer. Sault Ste. Marie, MI: Lake Superior State University Press, 1988. 145-149.

McLeod is an administrator at Bay Mills Community College.

Martin, Larry and Jo Ann Morris. Indian Education Project. Mt. Pleasant, MI: Central Michigan University, 1974.

An attempt was made to compile a large quantity of data relevant to Indian education in general, and the establishment of an all Indian controlled school in particular.

Miller, H.A. and Chas. J. Seeley, Compilers. Faces and Places Familiar. Mt. Pleasant, MI: Michigan Courier Press, 1906. This book includes a chapter on the United States Indian Industrial School in Mt. Pleasant.

Mt. Pleasant School for Indians. Mt. Pleasant, MI: 1913.

A history of the school with many photographs.

Nelson, Joseph R. Lady Unafraid. Caldwell, ID: Caxton Printers, 1951.

Rebecca Jewel Francis, age 17, went as a missionary teacher to Keweenaw Bay in 1862. This is her story of her work there as she told it to her son.

Pingatore, Diana R. "Lessons My Students Have Taught Me: Teaching English in a Native American Classroom." Contemporary Native American Cultural Issues: Proceedings from the Native American Studies Conference at Lake Superior State University, October 16-17, 1987 edited by Thomas E. Shirer. Sault Ste. Marie, MI: Lake Superior State University Press, 1988. 137-144.                                                               

 Pingatore teaches at Bay Mills Community College.

Pingatore, Edith. History of the Mt. Pleasant Indian School, 1893-1934. n.p.,nd.         

A typed paper on the history of the school.

Pratt, Richard Henry. Battlefield and Classroom: Four Decades with the American Indian 1867-1904. New Haven, CN: Yale University Press, 1964.

Memoirs of the man who played a major role in the founding of Indian boarding schools.

Pratt, Richard Henry. Indian Schools: Address Before the Ladies Missionary Society of Calvary M. E. Church, Washington, DC, April 6, [1915].

"My plan... is to civilize the Indian, get him into civilization."

Prucha, Francis Paul. Editor. Americanizing the American Indian: Writings of the 'Friends of the Indian' 1880-1900. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1973.

During the last two decades of the 19th century, American Indian policy was dominated by a small group of reformers, "Friends of the Indian," who wrote and spoke in favor of acculturating and assimilating the Indians. This is a sample of their writing. It includes their ideas on education.

Ratwik, Susan H. et al. "Sustaining Native American Achievement in Rural America." In Contemporary Native American Cultural Issues: Proceedings from the Native American Studies Conference at Lake Superior State University, October 16-17, 1987 edited by Thomas E. Shirer. Sault Ste. Marie, MI: Lake Superior State University Press, 1988. 113-120.

Study done in a rural northern Michigan school district.

Report of the Select Committee of the Society for Propagating the Gospel Among the Indians and Others in North America. Boston, MA: John Wilson & Son, 1856.

Includes a chapter on 'Education of Indian Youth at Wesleyan Seminary, Albion, Michigan.'

School Days Remembered: The Mt. Pleasant Indian School Reunion. 1991.

Funded by the Michigan Humanities Counsel and the Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe this video is a group interview with several graduates of the Mt. Pleasant Indian school about their school experiences.

Sobralske, Mary C. "Changing Attitudes of Native American Adolescents at a Health Promotion Camp." In Contemporary Native American Issues: Proceedings from the Native American Studies Conference at Lake Superior State University, October 16-17, 1987 edited by Thomas E. Schirer. Sault Ste. Marie, MI: Lake Superior State University, 1988.

Steel, Aldyth. "Andrew J. Blackbird: A Critique of Indian Education." In Entering the 90's: The North American Experience: Proceedings from the Native American Studies Conference at Lake Superior State University, October 27-28, 1989. edited by Thomas E. Shirer. Sault Ste. Marie, MI: Lake Superior State University, 1991. 197-206.

From his published work and private correspondence, one must conclude that Blackbird saw that "to be educated like the white man" was a defense against domination and a weapon of survival.

Stevenson, Sharon. Indian Education Project: An Abridgement. Mt. Pleasant, MI: Central Michigan University, 1974.

A study of the feasibility of establishing an Indian Academy in Michigan.

United States Indian School. Annual Calendar 1917-1918. Mt. Pleasant, MI: 1917.

The calendar lists employees, the daily schedule, and special events at the school with many photographs.

Report of the Superintendent of Indian Schools, 1890. Washington, DC: GPO, 1891.

Annual report for the schools in the United States.

White, Elmer. Children of the Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatomie Tribes, et.al. Petitioners, vs Regents of the University of Michigan, Respondent: Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the Supreme Court of Michigan. 1982.

This is the case that decided there should be free tuition to Michigan colleges and universities for Native Americans because of past treaties.

Widder, Keith R. Battle for the Soul: Metis Children Encounter Evangelical Protestants at Mackinaw Mission 1823-1837.​ East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press, 1999.

In 1823 William and Amanda Ferris operated a boarding school for Metis children on Mackinac Island, setting in motion an intense spiritual battle to win the souls and change the lives of the children, their parents, and all others living at Mackinac.