CMU researchers work to combat antibiotic resistance in wastewater treatment for a healthier future

Researchers at Central Michigan University (CMU) are tackling a serious public health issue: antibiotic resistance. Their latest study investigates how certain processes used in wastewater treatment can help reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that threaten our health.

Led by Ph.D. student Yasna Mortezaei, along with professors Dr. Goksel Demirer and Dr. Maggie Williams from the CMU School of Engineering and Technology, the research focuses on how wastewater treatment methods, particularly anaerobic digestion and storage tanks, affect the presence of these harmful genes.

Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern worldwide, with nearly 4.95 million deaths attributed to resistant infections in 2019 alone. This resistance often stems from the overuse and improper disposal of antibiotics, which can allow harmful bacteria to survive and spread. Wastewater treatment plants play a significant role in this issue, as they can act as breeding grounds for ARGs.

The researchers found that both the anaerobic digestion process and the storage tank significantly reduced the number of ARGs. In fact, the storage tank was particularly effective, suggesting that it can further minimize the risks associated with antibiotic resistance in treated wastewater. However, they also discovered a potential problem: while intracellular ARGs decreased during the anaerobic digestion process, a type known as cell-free ARGs increased. This is concerning because these cell-free genes can spread more easily in the environment and can persist for a long period of time.

Mortezaei explained the importance of their findings, saying, “Our research provides valuable information that could help limit the spread of antibiotic resistance in wastewater systems, ultimately protecting both public health and the environment.”

For students considering a future at CMU, this research highlights the university’s dedication to solving real-world environmental challenges, especially in the fields of wastewater treatment and public health. Students will have opportunities to participate in innovative research on issues like antibiotic resistance, gaining hands-on experience in addressing complex global problems through teamwork in microbiology and environmental studies.

As CMU continues to lead the way in important scientific research, students can look forward to being involved in projects that focus on sustainable solutions for pollution and health protection.